Okweimitha yokugeleza kwe-ultrasonic yesikhathi sokuthutha ebambekayo, amandla esignali angenye yezindlela zokuxilonga eziwusizo kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, kukhona ukungaqondi okuvamile:

Amandla esignali aphezulu akusho ukuthi ukunemba okuphezulu kokulinganisa, futhi amandla esignali aphansi akusho ukuthi imitha yokugeleza inephutha.

Amandla esignali asitshela kakhulu ukuthi isignali ye-ultrasonic ihamba kahle kangakanani ngepayipi nasoketshezini nokuthi yamukelwa kahle kangakanani yi-transducer ehlukile.

1. Ayini Amandla Esignali?

Ngamagama alula,amandla esignali abonisa amandla esignali ye-ultrasonic etholwe yimitha yokugeleza.

Kwimitha yokugeleza kwe-ultrasonic ebanjiwe, indlela ye-acoustic cishe ilandelayo:

I-Transducer → Udonga Lwepayipi → Ulwelo → Ulwelo → Udonga Lwepayipi → I-Transducer

I-transmitter ikhiqiza isignali ye-ultrasonic, ehamba odongeni lwepayipi kanye noketshezi ngaphambi kokufinyelela ku-transducer etholayo.

Uma amandla e-acoustic edluliselwa ngokulahlekelwa okuncane kakhulu, isignali eyamukelwe izoba namandla kakhulu. Uma isignali ibhekana nokuncipha okukhulu, ukuzindla, noma ukuhlakazeka, isignali eyamukelwe izoba buthakathaka.

2. Yiziphi Izinto Ezithinta Amandla Esignali?

Izici eziningana zingathinta kakhulu isignali ye-ultrasound etholakele.

2.1 Izinto Zombhobho

Izinto ezahlukene zamapayipi zinezakhiwo ezahlukene ze-acoustic.

Izibonelo ezivamile zifaka:

• Insimbi yekhabhoni
• Insimbi engagqwali
• Insimbi
• I-PVC
• I-HDPE
• Ipayipi elifakwe usimende

Amandla e-Ultrasonic aziphatha ngendlela ehlukile lapho edlula ezintweni ezahlukene. Ngakho-ke, imitha yokugeleza efanayo ingabonisa amandla esignali ahlukene uma ifakwa ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zamapayipi.

2.2 Ubukhulu Bodonga Lwepayipi

Ubukhulu bodonga lwamapayipi bubaluleke kakhulu ekulinganisweni kokugeleza kwe-ultrasonic okubambekayo.

Ngokuvamile, uma udonga lwepayipi lujiyile, kulapho inani lezinto okumele isignali ye-ultrasonic idlule khona liba likhulu, okungandisa ukuncishiswa kwe-acoustic.

Lokhu kungaba yinto ebaluleke kakhulu ku:

Amapayipi amakhulu, anobubanzi obukhulu

Ngakho-ke, ubukhulu bepayipi bubodwa abwanele ekukhetheni imitha yokugeleza kwe-ultrasonic.

Isibonelo, esikhundleni sokuhlinzeka kuphela:

Usayizi wepayipi: DN500

Kuwusizo kakhulu ukunikeza:

Izinto zombhobho + Ububanzi bangaphandle + Ubukhulu bodonga + Izinto zokwemboza

2.3 Ulwelwesi lwamapayipi

Ukufakwa kwamapayipi kungaba nomthelela omkhulu emandleni esignali.

Izinto ezivamile zokubopha uthango zifaka:

• I-PTFE
• Irabha
• Usimende
• I-Epoxy
• Ipulasitiki

Isignali ye-ultrasonic ingadinga ukudlula:

I-Transducer → Udonga Lwepayipi → Ulwelo → Uketshezi

Uma izakhiwo ze-acoustic ze-lining zihluka kakhulu kwezepayipi kanye noketshezi, kungase kube nokulahlekelwa okwengeziwe kwe-acoustic.

Ngakho-ke, ukwazi ukuthi ipayipi "liyinsimbi" akwanele ngaso sonke isikhathi. Uhlobo kanye nobukhulu bolwelwesi lwangaphakathi kufanele kucatshangelwe.

3. Kungani Amabhamuza Omoya Enciphisa Amandla Esignali?

Amabhamuza omoya angenye yezimbangela ezivame kakhulu zezimpawu ze-ultrasound ezibuthakathaka noma ezingazinzile.

Ngenxa yokuthi igesi kanye noketshezi kunezakhiwo ezihlukene kakhulu ze-acoustic, amabhamuza angahlakazeka futhi abonise amagagasi e-ultrasound.

Ngaphandle kwamabhamuza omoya abalulekile:

Isignali ye-Ultrasonic → Uketshezi → I-transducer etholayo

Ngamabhamuza omoya:

Isiginali ye-Ultrasonic → Amabhamuza → Ukuhlakazeka/Ukuzindla → Ukulahlekelwa amandla → Isiginali etholakele ebuthakathaka

Ngenxa yalokho, amabhamuza omoya amaningi angabangela:

• Amandla esignali ancishisiwe
• Ukufundwa kokugeleza okungazinzile
• Ukulahleka kwesignali okungavamile
• Ukuzinza okungekuhle kokulinganisa

Ngakho-ke, lapho amandla esignali ehla ngokuzumayo, unjiniyela akufanele ahlole ama-transducer kuphela kodwa futhi ahlole ukuthi umoya ukhona yini epayipini.

4. Ukuxhumanisa i-Transducer nakho kubalulekile

Ukuze uthole imitha yokugeleza kwe-ultrasonic ebambekayo, i-transducer ayithinti ngqo uketshezi. Isignali ye-ultrasonic kumele idlule odongeni lwepayipi.

Indlela yokuhlanganisa ingenziwa lula kanje:

I-Transducer → I-Coupling Compound → Udonga Lwepayipi

Ukuxhumanisa okubi kunganciphisa kakhulu amandla esignali.

Izimbangela ezivamile zifaka:

• Inhlanganisela yokuhlanganisa enganele
• Ukuhlanganiswa okungalingani
• Ukugqwala noma ukugqwala ebusweni bepayipi
• Upende noma uqweqwe olujiyile
• Ubuso bepayipi eliqinile
• Ama-transducer akhululekile
• Ama-transducer ashintshe isikhundla sawo sokuqala

Ngakho-ke ukulungiswa kwendawo efanele kanye nokuxhumana okuhle kwemishini phakathi kwe-transducer nepayipi kubalulekile ekudlulisweni kwe-ultrasonic okuthembekile.

5. Ingabe Amandla Esignali Aphezulu Asho Ukunemba Okuphezulu?

Akunjalo ngempela.

Lena enye yamaphuzu abaluleke kakhulu okufanele uwaqonde.

Amandla esignali asitshela kakhulu:

"Ingabe i-flow meter ingathola isignali ye-ultrasound enamandla ngokwanele?"

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukunemba kokulinganisa kubuza:

"Izinga lokugeleza elilinganisiwe lisondele kangakanani nezinga lokugeleza langempela?"

Lezi yizinto ezimbili ezihlukene.

Ngokwesibonelo:

Icala A

Amandla Esiginali: Phezulu

Kodwa ama-transducer afakwa endaweni embi futhi iphrofayili yokugeleza iphazamiseke kakhulu.

→ Isignali ingase ibe namandla, kodwa isilinganiso singase sibe nephutha.

Icala B

Amandla Esiginali: Okumaphakathi

Kodwa ama-transducer afakwe kahle, izimo zamapayipi ziyafaneleka, futhi isignali izinzile.

→ Imitha yokugeleza ingase ikwazi ukufeza ukusebenza okuhle kokulinganisa.

Ngakho-ke:

Amandla Esiginali Aphezulu ≠ Ukunemba Okuphezulu

6. Kungakanani Ukuthi Kuphansi Kakhulu?

Akukho inani lamandla esignali elijwayelekile elingasetshenziswa kuwo wonke amamitha okugeleza kwe-ultrasonic.

Abakhiqizi abahlukene bangachaza futhi babonise amandla esignali ngendlela ehlukile, isibonelo:

• Amandla Esiginali %
• Amandla Esiginali ku-dB
• Ikhwalithi Yesignali
• I-SNR
• Izinga Lesignali Elitholiwe

Lezi zinhlaka zihlobene, kodwa zihlobeneakufanelanga ukuthi kuqhathaniswe ngqo phakathi kwabakhiqizi noma amamodeli ahlukene.

Kumitha yokugeleza ethile, incwadi yemiyalelo yomenzi kanye nencazelo yangaphakathi yethuluzi kufanele kusetshenziswe njengereferensi.

7. Amandla Esignali vs. SNR

Ukuze uthole ukuqonda okuthuthukile, kubalulekile futhi ukuhlukanisaAmandla EsiginalikusukelaI-SNR (Isilinganiso Sesignali-kuya-Kumsindo).

Amandla Esiginaliichaza kakhulu:

Iqine kangakanani isignali ye-ultrasound etholakele.

I-SNRichaza:

Ukuthi isignali ewusizo inamandla kangakanani uma iqhathaniswa nomsindo wangemuva.

Isibonelo, i-flow meter ingathola isignali enamandla kakhulu, kodwa uma umsindo kagesi noma wemishini nawo uphezulu, i-SNR ingase ibe yimbi.

Ngakho-ke, lapho ithuluzi linikeza imingcele efana nalokhu:

Amandla Esiginali + I-SNR + Ikhwalithi Yesiginali

kufanele zihlolwe ndawonye.

8. Amandla Esignali Angasetshenziswa Kanjani Ekuxazululeni Izinkinga?

Indlela yokuxazulula izinkinga ewusizo ukubheka kokubiliizinga kanye nokuqinayesignali.

Isignali eqinile futhi eqinile

Lokhu ngokuvamile kubonisa ukuthi:

• Ama-transducer ahlanganiswe kahle
• Indlela ye-acoustic iyamukeleka
• Isignali yokwamukela izinzile

Noma kunjalo, ukunemba kokulinganisa kusadingeka kuhlolwe ngokwehlukana.

Isignali ebuthakathaka kakhulu

Hlola okulandelayo:

1. Ukufakwa kwe-transducer
2. Inhlanganisela yokuxhuma
3. Isimo somphezulu wepayipi
4. Ubukhulu bodonga lwepayipi
5. Ukufakwa kwamapayipi
6. Amabhamuza omoya
7. Ukuthi ipayipi ligcwele ngokuphelele yini
8. Isikhala se-transducer
9. Ukukhetha i-transducer
10. Amapharamitha epayipi kanye noketshezi afakwe kumitha yokugeleza

Amandla esignali ancipha ngokuzumayo

Naka kakhulu:

• Amabhamuza omoya angena epayipini
• Ama-transducer akhululekile
• Ukuhlanganiswa okonakele
• Izinguquko ezimweni zokusebenza
• Izinguquko ezibalulekile ekushiseni koketshezi
• Ukudlidliza kwepayipi

9. Amandla Esignali Ayisibonisi Sempilo Yomsindo Kakhulu

Ekugcineni,amandla esignali kufanele abhekwe njengesibonakaliso sokuxilonga i-acoustic kunokuba kube yisibonakaliso sokunemba okuqondile.

Kuyasiza ukuphendula lo mbuzo:

"Ingabe isignali ye-ultrasonic ihamba ngepayipi nasoketshezini futhi yamukelwa kahle?"

Ayiphenduli, ngokwayo, ukuthi:

"Ingabe isilinganiso sokugeleza sinembile?"

Ukuhlolwa okufanele kufanele kucabangele izici eziningi:

Amandla Esiginali + Ikhwalithi Yesiginali ye-SNR/Isiginali + Ukufakwa Kwe-Transducer + Isimo Sephayiphi + Isimo Soketshezi + Iphrofayili Yokugeleza + Ukulinganisa

Ngakho-ke, ezicelweni zobunjiniyela ezisebenzayo,Amandla esignali awusizo kakhulu ekuqinisekiseni ukufakwa, ukuxazulula izinkinga, kanye nokuqapha isimo se-acoustic sohlelo lokulinganisa—hhayi njengencazelo ezimele yokunemba kokulinganisa.