Umphumela Wamamitha Okugeleza

Izinhlobo Zokuphuma Kwemitha Yokugeleza

Imiphumela ye-Analog

1. Ukukhishwa kwe-Voltage
   Ama-flow metres amaningi anikeza ukuphuma kwe-analog okusekelwe ku-voltage. Isibonelo, ububanzi obuvamile bungaba ngu-0 - 5V noma u-0 - 10V. Inani le-voltage lilingana nesilinganiso sokugeleza esilinganisiwe. Uma izinga lokugeleza lisesilinganisweni salo esincane esitholakala ngaphakathi kobubanzi bemitha, i-voltage yokuphuma isemaphethelweni aphansi esikalini, ake sithi u-0V. Njengoba izinga lokugeleza likhula ngokulandelana, i-voltage yokuphuma nayo iyanda ngokulinganayo ize ifinyelele inani eliphezulu (isb., u-5V noma u-10V) ngesilinganiso sokugeleza esiphezulu imitha elinganiswa ngaso ukuze ilinganiswe. Lolu hlobo lokuphuma luwusizo ezinhlelweni zokusebenza lapho idivayisi eyamukelayo, njengesilawuli esilula noma i-data logger eneziteshi zokufaka ze-analog, ingahumusha futhi icubungule kalula isignali ye-voltage.
2. Umphumela Wamanje
   I-loop yamanje engu-4 - 20mA iyindinganiso yokukhipha i-analog esetshenziswa kabanzi emhlabeni wezimboni. Kulokhu kusetha, i-4mA imelela izinga lokugeleza eliphansi (ukugeleza okungu-zero kuvame ukushintshwa kube yi-4mA ukuze kuhlukaniswe nenzwa ephukile noma enqanyuliwe, lapho amandla kagesi angaba yi-0mA), kanti i-20mA ihambisana nezinga lokugeleza eliphezulu. Inzuzo yokukhipha kwamandla kagesi ngaphezu kokukhipha kwamandla kagesi ukuzivikela kwayo okukhulu emsindweni kagesi ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwekhebula isikhathi eside. Lokhu kuyenza ifaneleke ukusetshenziswa lapho imitha yokugeleza ifakwa endaweni yezimboni enomsindo noma lapho isignali idinga ukudluliselwa ibanga elide ukuya egumbini lokulawula.

Imiphumela Yedijithali

1. Umphumela we-Pulse
   Amamitha okugeleza anomphumela we-pulse akhiqiza ama-pulse kagesi. Inani lama-pulse ngeyunithi yesikhathi lihlobene ngqo nesilinganiso sokugeleza. Isibonelo, imitha yokugeleza ingalinganiswa ngendlela yokuthi ilitha ngalinye loketshezi oludlulayo, likhiqize inani elithile lama-pulse, ake sithi ama-pulse ayi-100 ngelitha. Ngokubala la ma-pulse esikhathini esithile, inani eliphelele lokugeleza koketshezi lingabalwa. Imiphumela ye-pulse ivame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni lapho amasekethe alula okubala angasetshenziswa kalula, njengakwezinye izinhlelo zokuqapha ukugeleza okungabizi kakhulu noma ezimweni lapho idivayisi eyamukelayo inamakhono akhethekile okubala ama-pulse.
2. Imiphumela Yokuxhumana Okusheshayo
   Kunezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokuxhumana ezilandelanayo ezisetshenziselwa ukuphuma kwemitha yokugeleza. I-RS – 232, i-RS – 485, kanye ne-Modbus ziphakathi kwezithandwa kakhulu. Nge-RS – 232, idatha idluliselwa ngokulandelana phakathi kwemitha yokugeleza kanye nedivayisi eyamukelayo, njengekhompyutha noma isilawuli se-logic esihleliwe (PLC). Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-RS – 485 ingasekela amadivayisi amaningi ebhasini elilodwa futhi inebanga elide lokudlulisa uma kuqhathaniswa ne-RS – 232. I-Modbus iyinqubo eyamukelwa kabanzi engasetshenziswa kokubili i-RS – 485 kanye ne-Ethernet. Ngalezi zindlela zokuxhumana ezilandelanayo, imitha yokugeleza ingathumeli nje kuphela inani lesilinganiso sokugeleza kwamanje kodwa futhi nolwazi olwengeziwe njengokugeleza okuqongelelekayo, amafulegi esimo (okubonisa ukuthi imitha isebenza kahle noma ithole iphutha), kanye nedatha yokulinganisa. Lolu lwazi olucebile luwusizo ezinqubweni zezimboni eziyinkimbinkimbi lapho kudingeka khona ukuqapha nokulawula okuphelele.

Imiphumela Engenantambo

Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ngokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe obungenantambo, amamitha okugeleza ahlonyiswe kakhulu ngamakhono okukhipha angenantambo. I-Bluetooth, i-Wi-Fi, ne-ZigBee ngezinye zezindlela zokusebenzisa ezingenantambo ezisetshenziswayo. I-Bluetooth ifanelekela ukuxhumana okufushane, okuvame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokusebenza lapho uchwepheshe edinga ukufinyelela ngokushesha idatha yemitha yokugeleza esebenzisa idivayisi yeselula, njengalapho kulungiswa noma kulungiswa inkinga. I-Wi-Fi ivumela ukudluliswa kwedatha okusheshayo endaweni enkulu, okuvumela idatha yemitha yokugeleza ukuthi ihlanganiswe kalula kunethiwekhi ebanzi yesitshalo futhi ifinyelelwe ezindaweni eziningi. I-ZigBee, ngokusetshenziswa kwayo kwamandla aphansi kanye namakhono enethiwekhi ye-mesh yokuziphilisa, iwusizo ezinhlelweni zokusebenza lapho amamitha okugeleza amaningi kudingeka axhunywe khona ekusethweni kwezimboni okukhulu, futhi ukonga amandla nokuxhumana okuthembekile kubalulekile.

Ekuphetheni, umphumela we-imitha yokugelezaiza ngezindlela ezahlukene, ngayinye inezinzuzo zayo kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza. Ukukhetha uhlobo lokukhipha kuncike ezicini ezifana nohlobo lohlelo lokusebenza, ibanga elidingwa yisignali ukuze lihambe, uhlobo lwedivayisi yokwamukela, kanye nobunzima besistimu iyonke lapho imitha yokugeleza ihlanganiswe khona. Ukuqonda lezi zinketho ezahlukene zokukhipha kubalulekile konjiniyela kanye nabaqhubi ukuze basebenzise kahle idatha yemitha yokugeleza ukuze bathuthukise izinqubo zezimboni.