Ekucubungulweni kwamakhemikhali, ukuvikelwa kwemveloukwelashwa kwamanzi amdaka, ukukhiqiza imithi, kanye nezimboni zokwenza amaphepha, ukulinganisa ukugeleza okunembile kwe-asidi enamandla kanye noketshezi oluqinile olubolayo lwe-alkali sekuyisikhathi eside kuyinselele enkulu yobuchwepheshe. Amadivayisi okulinganisa ukugeleza avamile, njenge-turbine kanye ne-vortex flowmeters, athambekele ekugqwaleni, ekuvinjweni, nasekuphambukisweni kwedatha uma esetshenziswa ezindaweni ezigqwalisayo kakhulu, okuholela ekugcinweni njalo, ezindleleni zokufaka esikhundleni eziphezulu, kanye nokusebenza kwezimboni okungazinzile. Njengethuluzi lokulinganisa elinembile kakhulu nelinokwethenjelwa okuphezulu, i-flowmeter ye-electromagnetic isibe yisisombululo esithandwayo sokuthola ukugeleza kwe-asidi enamandla kanye noketshezi lwe-alkali, incike esimisweni sayo esiyingqayizivele sokusebenza kanye nomklamo wesakhiwo sokulwa nokugqwala.
I-Electromagnetic ama-flowmeterisebenza ngokuqinile ngokusekelwe emthethweni kaFaraday wokungeniswa kwe-electromagnetic. Lapho uketshezi oluqhubayo lugeleza ensimini yamagnetic efanayo ngaphakathi kwepayipi lokulinganisa, uketshezi lusika imigqa yokungeniswa kwe-magnetic futhi lukhiqize isignali ye-voltage ebangelwayo. Ubukhulu balo mthamo buhambisana ngqo nesivinini sokugeleza esimaphakathi soketshezi. Ngemva kokuqoqwa nokucutshungulwa yi-electrode enembile kakhulu kanye nohlelo lokudlulisa, ukugeleza kwe-volumetric yesikhathi sangempela koketshezi kubalwa ngokunembile. Inzuzo ebalulekile yalesi simiso sokusebenza ukuthi azikho izingxenye ezihambayo noma izingxenye ezigoqayo ngaphakathi kwepayipi lokulinganisa, okuholela ekulahlekelweni yingcindezi futhi kungabikho sithiyo ekugelezeni koketshezi. Lesi sici sesakhiwo sigwema ngokuyisisekelo ukuguguleka komshini kanye nokuvinjelwa kwezinhlayiya, sivumelana ngokuphelele nesidingo sokulinganisa esiqhubekayo sesikhathi eside semidiya yamakhemikhali ebolile.
Ukuzivumelanisa kahle kakhulu noketshezi oluqinile lwe-asidi kanye ne-alkali kuvela ekufanisweni kwezinto ezilwa nokugqwala kochwepheshe, okuwukuncintisana okuyinhloko kwama-flowmeter kagesi asezingeni lezimboni. Kuma-media ane-acid ephezulu njenge-hydrochloric acid, i-sulfuric acid, kanye ne-nitric acid, kusetshenziswa ama-electrode e-tantalum kanye ne-PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) lining. I-Tantalum metal ibonisa ukumelana nokugqwala okunamandla kakhulu kuma-acid amaningi aqinile kanye ne-oxidizing media, kuyilapho i-PTFE lining imelana nokugqwala nokugqwala kwamakhemikhali ngaphandle kokusabela kuketshezi oluqinile. Kuma-media ane-alkali aqinile kufaka phakathi izixazululo ze-sodium hydroxide kanye ne-potassium hydroxide, ama-electrode e-Hastelloy C alloy kanye ne-raber noma i-PFA lining alungiselelwe. Lezi zinhlanganisela zezinto ezenziwe ngokwezifiso zingamelana ngempumelelo nokugqwala kwamakhemikhali isikhathi eside, zivimbele ukugqwala kwe-electrode kanye nokuguga kwe-lining, futhi ziqinisekise ukusebenza okuzinzile kokulinganisa ezindaweni ezigqwala kakhulu.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinsimbi zokulinganisa ukugeleza,ama-flowmeter kagesizikhombisa izinzuzo ezingenakuphikwa ekulinganisweni okuphakathi okubolayo. Okokuqala, azithintwa yi-viscosity yoketshezi, izinga lokushisa, ubuningi, kanye nokuqukethwe kwezinhlayiya eziqinile, okuvumela ukulinganiswa okuzinzile koketshezi olubolayo olunezinga elihlukile kanye noketshezi oluhlanganisiwe oluqinile lwezigaba ezimbili. Okwesibili, ukunemba kokulinganisa kungafinyelela ku-±0.5% noma ngisho ku-±0.2%, kuhlangatshezwane nezindinganiso eziqinile zokulinganisa amakhemikhali, ukuqapha ukukhishwa kwamanzi amdaka ezimbonini, kanye nokulinganiswa kokuthutha kwamapayipi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isakhiwo esihlanganisiwe esivalwe kanye nezinga lokuvikelwa okuphezulu le-IP68 kuvumela ithuluzi ukuthi lizivumelanise nezimo ze-workshop ezinomswakama nezibolayo, ngokuphila kwenkonzo okungaphezu kweminyaka eyi-10 kanye nezindleko zokulungisa eziphansi kakhulu kamuva.
Okwamanje, ukulwa nokugqwalaama-flowmeter kagesiKusetshenziswe kabanzi ezimweni zezimboni zomhlaba wonke. Ezitshalweni zamakhemikhali ezinhle, zilinganisa ngokunembile ukuthuthwa kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa ze-asidi egxilile kanye ne-alkali ukuqinisekisa ukunemba kwefomula yokukhiqiza. Ezimbonini zokuvikela imvelo, ziqapha ukugeleza kwamanzi angcolile asekelwe ku-acid ezinqubweni zokwelashwa kwendle ukusiza amabhizinisi ahlangabezane nezindinganiso zokukhipha amanzi. Ezimbonini zokwenza amaphepha kanye nezendwangu, zisekela ukutholakala kokugeleza kokumhlophe okubolayo kanye noketshezi lokuwasha lwe-alkaline. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umthumeli ohlakaniphile angakhipha izimpawu ze-analog ze-4-20mA kanye nezimpawu zokuxhumana zedijithali, aqaphele ukuxhumana okungenamthungo nezinhlelo ze-PLC zezimboni kanye ne-DCS ukusekela ukukhiqizwa okuzenzakalelayo kanye nokuqapha idatha ekude.
Ekuphetheni, ngesimiso sayo sokungeniswa kwesayensi, ukuhlelwa kobuchwepheshe bokulwa nokugqwala, ukunemba okuphezulu kokulinganisa kanye nokusebenza okuzinzile kokusebenza,i-flowmeter kagesiixazulule ngokuphelele izindawo zokulinganisa ubuhlungu be-asidi enamandla kanye noketshezi oluqinile olubolayo lwe-alkali. Akugcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukunemba nokuzinza kokulinganisa uketshezi lwezimboni kodwa futhi kunciphisa izindleko zokusebenza kwemishini kanye nokugcinwa kwayo, kube yithuluzi lokulinganisa elibalulekile embonini yanamuhla yamakhemikhali kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-04-2026