I. Izimboni Nezimo Zezicelo Eziyinhloko

1. Ukugcinwa Kwamanzi Nokuqapha Amanzi

• Ukulawulwa Kwezikhukhula kanye Nesexwayiso Sasekuqaleni Semifula Emincane Nephakathi: Amamitha okugeleza e-radar afakwa ezingxenyeni ezibalulekile zemifula emincane nephakathi (isb., imifula esezingeni ledolobha, imifula yezikhukhula) ukuze kuqashwe izinguquko zesikhathi sangempela ezingeni lamanzi, ijubane lokugeleza, kanye nesilinganiso sokugeleza. Lapho izinga lokugeleza lidlula umkhawulo wesixwayiso, ulwazi lwesixwayiso sasekuqaleni ludluliselwa esikhungweni sokulawula izikhukhula ngokuxhumana okungenantambo (4G/NB-IoT), okuthenga isikhathi sezimpendulo eziphuthumayo njengokuthuthwa kwabasebenzi kanye nokugugulwa kwemifula. Afaneleka kakhulu ezitsheni ezikude ezingenakho ukumbozwa okwanele kweziteshi zokuqapha zendabuko.
• Ukulinganiswa Kwemithombo Yamanzi Esigodini: Imishini ifakwa ezindaweni zokungenisa amanzi kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwemifula ephakathi kwezifunda ukuze kuqashwe amazinga okugeleza kwamanzi akhuphukayo naphansi kwesikhathi eside, kubalwe ukwabiwa kwemithombo yamanzi yesifunda, futhi kusize ekusebenziseni inqubomgomo "yokulawula ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi okuphelele". Isibonelo, ezindaweni ezingaphansi kwamanzi zesigodi esisekela ukuphambuka kwamanzi aseNingizimu kuya eNyakatho, amamitha okugeleza kwe-radar avumela ukuphathwa okunembile kokuhlela imithombo yamanzi.
• Ukuqapha Ukungena Nokuphuma Kwamanzi Emachibini/Emachibini: Ukuqapha ukugeleza kwamanzi kwenziwa ezindaweni zokuchitheka kwamanzi emachibini, emasangweni okuphuma kwamanzi ezikhukhula, kanye nasezindaweni ezigeleza amanzi. Uma kuhlanganiswa nedatha yezinga lamanzi, izinguquko emthanjeni wokugcina amanzi zibalwa ukuze kunikezwe ukwesekwa kwedatha yokuhlela amanzi emachibini (isb., ukugcina umthamo wokulawula izikhukhula, ukwabela ukuhlinzekwa kwamanzi okunisela).
• Ukuqapha Ukugeleza Kwemvelo Yomfula: Ezindaweni zomfula ezizwela kakhulu ngokwemvelo ezansi kweziteshi zamandla kagesi kanye nezindawo zokugcina amanzi, ukuqapha kwenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukugeleza okuncane kakhulu kwemvelo komfula kuhlangabezana nezindinganiso, kuvikela izidingo zemvelo njengokuzalela kwezinhlanzi kanye nokukhula kwezimila zasemanzini. Kusebenza njengethuluzi elibalulekile lokuqapha imvelo.

2. Ukuhlanza Amanzi Angcolile Nokuhlanzwa Kwendle KukaMasipala

• Ukuqapha Ukugeleza Kwezikhukhula Zamanzi Emvula: Imishini ifakiwe ezindaweni zokugcina amanethiwekhi amapayipi amanzi emvula asemadolobheni, ezindaweni ezingaphandle kweziteshi zokupompa amanzi emvula, kanye nezingxenye zamanzi emvula emifuleni yasemadolobheni ukuze kuqashwe ukugeleza kwezikhukhula zamanzi emvula ngesikhathi semvula. Lokhu kusiza ekuhloleni izingozi zokugcwala kwamanzi emadolobheni futhi kuhlinzeke ngokuqinisekiswa kwedatha yemiphumela yokwakhiwa kwedolobha (isb., ukungena kwamanzi emvula kanye nomthamo wokugcina).
• Ukuqapha Ukuchichima Kwendle Okuhlanganisiwe (i-CSO): Amamitha okugeleza kwe-radar afakwa ezindaweni zokukhipha amanzi amaningi zamanethiwekhi endle ahlanganisiwe ukuze kuqashwe imvamisa, ubude, kanye nomthamo wokuchichima. Uma kuhlanganiswa nedatha yekhwalithi yamanzi, izinga lokungcoliswa kwezindawo zamanzi ezithola amanzi (isb. imifula, amachibi) okubangelwa ukuchichima liyahlolwa, okuhlinzeka ngesisekelo sokuvuselelwa kwamanethiwekhi endle ahlanganisiwe.
• Ukuqapha Ukungena Nokuphuma Kwezitshalo Zokuhlanza Indle: Ukuqapha okwesikhashana noma isikhathi eside kokungena kwezitshalo zokuhlanza indle kwenziwa ukuze kutholakale ukuthi kudlula yini umthamo wokuhlanza. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuphuma kwendle kuyaqashwa ukuze kubalwe umthamo wokuhlanza indle kanye nokuhambisana nokukhishwa kwayo, kusiza iminyango yokuvikela imvelo ekuqapheni.
• Ukuqapha Ukuphuma Kwendle Kamasipala: Ukuqapha ukugeleza kwamanzi kwenziwa ezindaweni zokukhipha amanzi emvula kanye nezindawo zokukhipha amanzi endle zamabhizinisi ezimboni kanye namapaki ezimboni. Kuhlanganiswe nabahlaziyi bekhwalithi yamanzi abaku-inthanethi (isb., i-COD, izinzwa ze-ammonia nitrogen), ukuqapha ngesikhathi esisodwa "kwekhwalithi yokugeleza + kwamanzi" kwenziwa ukuze kuvinjelwe ukukhishwa nokuvuza okungekho emthethweni.

3. Ukuvikelwa Kwemvelo Nokuqapha Umthombo Wokungcola

• Ukuqapha Ukugeleza Kokuphuma Kokungcola Kwezimboni: Amamitha okugeleza e-radar afakwa ezindaweni zokukhipha amanzi amdaka ezinkampanini zezimboni ezifana nezindawo zamakhemikhali, zensimbi, kanye nezokucubungula ukudla ukuze kuqashwe njalo umthamo wokukhishwa kwamanzi amdaka amahora angama-24 ngosuku, izinsuku eziyi-7 ngesonto. Asebenza njengesisekelo sokulinganisa ukuqoqwa kwentela yemvelo kanye nokuhlolwa kwemvume yokukhipha ukungcola. Ngenxa yesici sawo sokulinganisa esingathintani, angakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo zokusebenza eziyinkimbinkimbi lapho amanzi amdaka ezimbonini equkethe indle, izinto eziqinile ezilengisiwe, nezinto ezibolayo.
• Ukuqapha Ukungcola Kwemithombo Yezolimo Engeyona Indawo: Kufakwe imishini ezindaweni zokukhipha amanzi ezindaweni zokunisela zasemapulazini kanye nasezindaweni zokukhipha amanzi angcolile zasemadolobheni ezisemadolobheni ukuze kuqashwe umthamo wokukhipha kanye nokwehluka kwendawo nesikhathi kwamanzi angemuva ezolimo (aqukethe umanyolo wamakhemikhali kanye nezinsalela zezibulala-zinambuzane) kanye nendle yasekhaya yasemadolobheni. Lokhu kusiza ukuhlola umthelela wokungcola kwemithombo yezolimo engeyona indawo emazingeni ekhwalithi yamanzi asezindaweni ezikude.
• Ukuqapha Umphumela Wokwelashwa Komzimba Wamanzi Omnyama Nonephunga: Ezigabeni ezilungisiwe zezindawo zamanzi ezimnyama nezinephunga emadolobheni, kubhekwa izinguquko zejubane lamanzi, izinga lokugeleza, kanye nezinga lamanzi. Kuhlanganiswe nezinkomba zekhwalithi yamanzi (isb., umoya-mpilo oncibilikisiwe, ukucaca), ukusebenza kahle kwezinyathelo zokwelapha (isb., ukuguguleka, ukubuyiselwa kwemvelo, ukugcwaliswa kabusha kwamanzi kanye nokuphambukisa) ukuze kunikezwe ukwesekwa kokuthuthukisa izinhlelo zokwelapha.

4. Amaphrojekthi Okunisela Ezolimo Nokulondolozwa Kwamanzi

• Ukuqapha Ukugeleza Kwemisele Yokunisela: Imishini ifakwa emiseleni emikhulu, yamagatsha, kanye neyasemaceleni yezindawo ezinkulu zokunisela ukuze kuqashwe ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi okunisela ngesikhathi sangempela, kufezwe "ukwabiwa kwamanzi ngokusekelwe kumthamo" ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kokusetshenziswa kwamanzi futhi kugwenywe imfucuza yokunisela. Uma kuqhathaniswa nokulinganisa ukugeleza kwemisele yendabuko kanye ne-flume, amamitha okugeleza e-radar awadingi ukuguqulwa kwesiteshi futhi anikeza ukufakwa okuguquguqukayo kakhudlwana.
• Ukuqapha Ukugeleza Kwesiteshi Sephampu Yokunisela: Ukugeleza kweziteshi zephampu zokunisela kubhekwa ukuze kubalwe ukusebenza kahle kwesiteshi sephampu (isb., umthamo wamanzi okunisela ngeyunithi ngayinye ukusetshenziswa kwamandla), kuhlinzekwe ngezinkomba zedatha zokulungiswa okonga amandla kweziteshi zephampu (isb., ukufaka esikhundleni samaphampu asebenza kahle kakhulu, ukwenza ngcono amapharamitha okusebenza).
• Ukuqapha Ukugeleza Kwephrojekthi Yokulondolozwa Kwamanzi Okuncane: Amamitha okugeleza e-radar afakwa ezindaweni zokukhipha amanzi emachibini amancane asemakhaya, emachibini, nasemiseleni yokuchezukisa amanzi ukuze kuqashwe umthamo wamanzi wokunisela nokusetshenziswa ekhaya, okusiza ekuphathweni okunembile kwamaphrojekthi okulondolozwa kwamanzi amancane.

5. Ezinye Izimo Ezikhethekile

• Ukuqapha Amanzi Angcolile Ezimayini: Ukuqapha ukugeleza kwamanzi angcolile aqukethe i-slime yamalahle kanye ne-slag kwenziwa ezindaweni zokukhipha amanzi ezimayini zamalahle kanye nezimayini zensimbi. Uma kuhlanganiswa nokuqapha ikhwalithi yamanzi, kuvinjelwa ukungcola kwensimbi esindayo, futhi kubalwa umthamo wokwelashwa kwamanzi angcolile ezimayini.
• Ukuqapha Umzimba Wamanzi Obukekayo: Amamitha okugeleza e-radar afakwa ezindaweni zamanzi ezinhle njengemifudlana, amachibi okwenziwa, kanye nezimpophoma ukuze kuqashwe ijubane lamanzi, izinga lokugeleza, futhi kuhlolwe amandla okujikeleza kanye nempilo yemvelo yezindawo zamanzi ezinhle, kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi yendawo yamanzi yezindawo ezinhle.
• Ukuqapha Ukugeleza Kokuhlenga Okuphuthumayo: Ngemva kwezinhlekelele zemvelo ezifana nezikhukhula nokuzamazama komhlaba, amamitha okugeleza e-radar aphathwayo asetshenziselwa ukuqapha ngokushesha ukugeleza kokuqhekeka kwemifula kanye nezikhukhula eziqhuma echibini leqhwa, okuhlinzeka ngokusekelwa kwedatha yesikhathi sangempela yezinqumo zokusindisa kanye nokusiza ezinhlekeleleni (isb., ububanzi bokuthuthwa kwabasebenzi, ukwakheka kohlelo lokuvala ukwephulwa).