Inethiwekhi yamapayipi okudonsa amanzi iwumthombo wokuphila ngaphansi komhlaba wedolobha, onezimpawu zokushintsha okukhulu kokugeleza kwamanzi, amaphethini okugeleza ayinkimbinkimbi, ikhwalithi yamanzi ephansi, kanye nendawo yokufakwa kwemishini engemihle. Ngakho-ke, uhlelo lwenethiwekhi yamapayipi okudonsa amanzi emadolobheni luyisikhungo sokuphepha esiyisisekelo sedolobha, esithinta ngqo intuthuko yezomnotho kanye nokuzinza kwezimpilo zabantu, futhi sidlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kwedolobha. Ngokuthuthuka kanye nentuthuko yamadolobha, ukuphathwa kanye nokugcinwa kwawo sekuwumsebenzi ophuthumayo obhekene nabaphathi bedolobha kanye nabenzi bezinqumo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwimodi yokuphatha yendabuko, ukusebenza kwenethiwekhi yamapayipi kungaqondwa kuphela ngokuvula isembozo se-manhole ukuze uyibone. Akunakwenzeka ukuqonda ngokunembile ukusebenza kwenethiwekhi yamapayipi, futhi akunakwenzeka ukuthola inethiwekhi yamapayipi endala noma eyonakele okokuqala. Kamuva, yize ukucubungula ulwazi kwethulwa ezingeni eliphansi, i-AutoCAD, i-Excel nezinye izindlela zasetshenziswa ukugcina idatha yenethiwekhi yamapayipi okudonsa amanzi ngamabhulokhi, okwaholela kuphela ekubonisweni kwemephu okuyisisekelo kanye nemisebenzi yombuzo, futhi kwakungabonisi izici zenethiwekhi eziyinkimbinkimbi zenethiwekhi yamapayipi okudonsa amanzi. Akunakwenzeka ukuqonda ngokunembile ukusebenza kwepayipi ngesikhathi sangempela. Ayikwazi futhi ukunikeza isixwayiso esisebenzayo ku-inthanethi kanye nokuqapha izinkinga ezifana nokugcwala kwamanzi emadolobheni, ukugcwala kwendle, ukukhishwa kwamanzi amdaka ezimbonini ngokungemthetho, ukukhishwa kwamanzi amdaka ezimbonini ngokweqile, kanye nokugeleza okuxubile kwemvula kanye nendle.
Ngakho-ke, ukuqapha ukugeleza kwayo kunganikeza idatha eyisisekelo yokuxazulula ukugcwala kwamanzi emadolobheni, umonakalo wepayipi, kanye nokuvaleka kwepayipi, futhi kuhlinzeke ngesisekelo sokusebenza nokugcinwa kwenethiwekhi yamapayipi emadolobheni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ucwaningo oluhlelekile lokugeleza kwenethiwekhi yamapayipi emadolobheni lungaqonda ngokuhlelekile isimo sokusebenza kwenethiwekhi yamapayipi, futhi lunikeze ukwesekwa kwedatha ethile yokwakhiwa kabusha nokwakhiwa kwenethiwekhi yamapayipi okukhipha amanzi. Ngenxa yobukhulu benethiwekhi yamapayipi kamasipala, kuyadingeka ukukhetha imishini yokuqapha ukugeleza efanele ngokwezidingo zangempela ukuthola idatha yokugeleza enembile isikhathi eside nokunciphisa inani lokugcinwa kwemishini.
Ngakho-ke, ukuze kuqashwe ukugeleza kwamanzi, yiziphi izilinganiso zokugeleza kwamanzi ezifanele inethiwekhi yokukhipha amanzi?
Okokuqala, kufanele ikhethwe ngokuzivumelanisa nezimo okunamandla, okungasetshenziswa ezindaweni eziyinkimbinkimbi nezizungezile, futhi ayithinteki kalula yizinsalela zamanzi nezinto eziqinile ezilengisiwe; ingazivumelanisa nezinguquko ezisheshayo ekugelezeni kanye nasezingeni loketshezi, futhi inobubanzi obubanzi; inekhono elithile lokulinganisa ukugeleza okuphambene; ingabhekana nesimo sokugcwala kanyeamapayipi agcwaliswe kancane.
Okwesibili, ukugeleza kutholakala ngokunembile; ukufakwa kulula, ukulungiswa kwansuku zonke kuncane futhi ukulungiswa kulula. Iningi lendawo yokufaka lisemgodini, lapho ukunikezwa kwamandla nokuxhumana ngezintambo kunzima ukukufeza. Ngakho-ke, imishini idinga ukunikezwa kwamandla ebhethri futhi inokuqina okuthile ukuze kuncishiswe inani lokugcinwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, idivayisi idinga ukuba nomsebenzi wokuxhumana ongenantambo, noma ingaxhunywa kwamanye amadivayisi ukuze kufezwe umsebenzi wokuxhumana ongenantambo;
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokuthi imishini yokugeleza etholakala emgodini wokudonsa amanzi cishe izobhekana nezikhukhula eziphuthumayo neziphelele ngesikhathi semvula, imishini idinga izinga eliphezulu lokungangenwa kwamanzi ukuvimbela umonakalo wemishini obangelwa yizikhukhula, futhi izinga lokungangenwa kwamanzi ngokuvamile liphakeme kune-IP68; Uma kunqunywa ngokwendawo ukuthi ukuhlushwa kwe-methane evamile kuseduze nomkhawulo wokuqhuma, imishini yokugeleza engaqhumiyo idinga ukucatshangelwa.
Imishini yokugeleza yamanje engasetshenziswa kunethiwekhi yokukhipha amanzi isekelwe kakhulu endleleni yesilinganiso sokugeleza kwendawo. Le mishini iguquguquka ekufakweni nasekusetshenzisweni, iyakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo kakhulu nendawo yokufaka, kanye nokugcinwa okuphansi. Lolu hlobo lwemishini yokugeleza lubizwa ngokuthi i-ultrasonic Doppler flowmeter noma i-sewer flowmeter emakethe.
MayelanaI-Doppler Flowmeter
I-Ultrasound izohlakazeka uma ihlangana nezinhlayiya ezincane noma amabhamuza endleleni yokusabalala, ngobaindlela yesikhathi sokuhambaAkusebenzi kahle uma kulinganiswa uketshezi oluqukethe izinto ezinjalo. Kungasetshenziswa kuphela ukukala uketshezi oluhlanzekile.Indlela ye-Dopplerkusekelwe eqinisweni lokuthi amagagasi e-ultrasonic ahlakazekile. Ngakho-ke, indlela ye-Doppler ifaneleka ekulinganiseni uketshezi oluqukethe izinhlayiya noma amabhamuza aqinile. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuthi izinhlayiya noma amabhamuza ahlakazekile akhona ngokungahleliwe, ukusebenza kokudlulisa umsindo koketshezi nakho kuhlukile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma uketshezi olune-performance embi yokudlulisa umsindo lulinganiswa, ukusabalala kunamandla endaweni ye-flow speed ephansi eduze kodonga lwepayipi; kuyilapho uketshezi olune-performance enhle yokudlulisa umsindo luhlakazekile endaweni ye-high speed, okwenza ukunemba kokulinganisa i-Doppler kuphansi. Nakuba i-transmitter transmitter kanye ne-transducer etholayo zihlukanisiwe, ingathola kuphela ukusabalala endaweni ephakathi yephrofayili ye-flow speed, kodwa ukunemba kokulinganisa kusephansi kunokwendlela ye-transit-time.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Septhemba-28-2015